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[[File:Level 1 badge.png|alt=Level 1 badge used at Pikes Peak Makerspace|left|frameless|100x100px|PPM MEMBER USE]]
 
 
 
'''Learn about the software that we have installed for all our members''' at Pikes Peak Makerspace (PPM).
 
'''Learn about the software that we have installed for all our members''' at Pikes Peak Makerspace (PPM).
 
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[[File:Level 1 badge.png|alt=Level 1 badge used at Pikes Peak Makerspace|left|frameless|90x90px|PPM MEMBER USE]]
Use of software installed on PPM computers does not require any additional required training (Level 1).
+
Use of software installed on PPM Design Workstations or dedicated computers does not require any additional required training (Level 1).
 +
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<p style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; background:#ff6c00; color:#FFFFFF; font-size:15%;"> &nbsp; </p>
 
<p style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; background:#ff6c00; color:#FFFFFF; font-size:15%;"> &nbsp; </p>
 
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[[File:Burst.png|alt=Welcome banner|right|frameless|250x250px]]
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[[File:Burst.png|alt=burst of white rays on orange background|link=https://wiki.pikespeakmakerspace.org/index.php/About_PPM|right|frameless|250x250px]]
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 +
==Linux Tools for Beginners==
 +
 
 +
===Command Line===
 +
    '''<code>apropos</code>''' – search the manual page names and descriptions
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>clear</code>''' – clear the terminal screen
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>echo</code>''' – display a line of text
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>help</code>''' – list of shell commands
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>history</code>''' – track input from the user a line at a time
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>info</code>''' – read the info documents
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>man</code>''' – interface to the on-line reference manuals
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>say</code>''' – convert text to audible speech
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>scrot</code>''' – SCReenshOT utility (Raspberry Pi)
  
== '''Linux Tools for Beginners''' ==
+
    '''<code>whatis</code>''' – display one-line manual page descriptions
  
=== Command Line ===
+
=== '''Date and Time'''===
    '''apropos''' – search the manual page names and descriptions
+
    '''<code>cal</code>''' – print a calendar
  
    '''clear''' – clear the terminal screen
+
    '''<code>date</code>''' – print or set the system date and time
  
    '''echo''' – display a line of text
+
=== File and Directory Management===
 +
    '''<code>alias</code>''' – define or display aliases
  
    '''help''' – list of shell commands
+
    '''<code>cd</code>''' – change the current directory
  
    '''history''' – track input from the user a line at a time
+
    '''<code>chown</code>''' – change file owner and group
  
    '''info''' – read the info documents
+
    '''<code>cp</code>''' – copy files and directories
  
    '''man''' – interface to the on-line reference manuals
+
    '''<code>dd</code>''' – convert and copy a file
  
    '''scrot''' – command line screen capture utility
+
    '''<code>dir</code>''' – list directory contents
  
    '''whatis''' – display one-line manual page descriptions
+
    '''<code>file</code>''' – determine file type
  
=== File and Directory Management ===
+
    '''<code>ls</code>''' – list directory contents
    '''alias''' – define or display aliases
 
  
    '''cd''' – change the current directory
+
    '''<code>mkdir</code>''' – make directories
  
    '''chown''' – change file owner and group
+
    '''<code>mv</code>''' – move (rename) files
  
    '''cp''' – copy files and directories
+
    '''<code>pwd</code>''' – print working directory
  
    '''dd''' – convert and copy a file
+
    '''<code>rm</code>''' – remove files or directories
  
    '''dir''' – list directory contents
+
    '''<code>rsync</code>''' – copy files between machines
  
    '''file''' – determine file type
+
    '''<code>touch</code>''' – change file timestamps
  
    '''git''' – fast, scalable, distributed revision control system
+
    '''<code>which</code>''' – locate a program file in the user's path
  
    '''ls''' – list directory contents
+
===File Editing===
 +
    '''<code>awk</code>''' – pattern scanning and text processing language
  
    '''mkdir''' – make directories
+
    '''<code>cut</code>''' – remove sections from each line of files
  
    '''mv''' – move (rename) files
+
    '''<code>gzip</code>''' – compress or expand already compressed files
  
    '''pwd''' – print working directory
+
    '''<code>nano</code>''' – Nano's ANOther editor, an enhanced free Pico clone
  
    '''rm''' – remove files or directories
+
    '''<code>open</code>''' – open files and directories
  
    '''scp''' – secure copy
+
    '''<code>pandoc</code>''' – [https://pandoc.org/ universal document converter]
  
    '''touch''' – change file timestamps
+
    '''<code>sed</code>''' – stream editor
  
=== File Editing ===
+
    '''<code>tar</code>''' – manipulate tape archives
    '''awk''' – pattern scanning and text processing language
 
  
    '''cut''' – remove sections from each line of files
+
    '''<code>unzip</code>''' – list, test and extract compressed files in a ZIP archive
  
    '''expand''' – convert tabs to spaces
+
===File Transfer===
 +
    '''<code>curl</code>''' – [https://curl.se/ "command line tool and library for transferring data with URLs"]
  
    '''geany''' – a small and lightweight IDE  (Raspberry Pi)
+
    '''<code>wget</code>''' – retrieve files using HTTPS or FTPS
  
    '''gzip''' – compress or expand files
+
===File Viewing===
 +
    '''<code>cat</code>''' – concatenate and print files
  
    '''nano''' – Nano's ANOther editor, an enhanced free Pico clone
+
    '''<code>column</code>''' – formats its input into multiple columns
  
    '''scratch''' – easy to use interactive programming environment  (Raspberry Pi)
+
    '''<code>diff</code>''' – compare 2 files line by line
  
    '''sed''' – stream editor
+
    '''<code>find</code>''' – search for files in a directory hierarchy
  
    '''tar''' – manipulate tape archives
+
    '''<code>grep</code>''' – print lines that match patterns
  
    '''vim''' – Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor
+
    '''<code>head</code>''' – output the first part of files
  
=== File Transfer ===
+
    '''<code>jq</code>''' – [https://jqlang.github.io/jq/ lightweight and flexible command-line JSON processor]
    '''curl''' – transfer a URL
 
  
    '''wget''' – non-interactive download of files
+
    '''<code>less</code>''' – opposite of more
  
=== File Viewing ===
+
    '''<code>locate</code>''' – faster version of find, depends on a database
    '''cat''' – concatenate and print files
 
  
    '''diff''' – compare 2 files line by line
+
    '''<code>look</code>''' – display lines beginning with a given string
  
    '''find''' – search for files in a directory hierarchy
+
    '''<code>more</code>''' – page through text one screenful at a time
  
    '''grep''' – print lines that match patterns
+
    '''<code>tail</code>''' – output the last part of files
  
    '''head''' – output the first part of files
+
    '''<code>wc</code>''' – word counts, and line and byte counts
  
    '''less''' – opposite of more
+
    '''<code>zgrep</code>''' – search compressed files
  
    '''more''' – page through text one screenful at a time
+
===Math Functions===
 +
    '''<code>bc</code>''' – basic calculator
  
    '''tail''' – output the last part of files
+
    '''<code>dc</code>''' – RPN “Desktop Calculator”
  
    '''wc''' – word counts, and line and byte counts
+
    '''<code>log</code>''' – natural logarithmic function
  
    '''zgrep''' – search compressed files
+
    '''<code>mathematica</code>''' – [https://www.wolfram.com/raspberry-pi/ open the app (Raspberry Pi)]
  
=== Math Functions ===
+
    '''<code>sin</code>''' – sine function
    '''bc''' – basic calculator
 
  
    '''dc''' – RPN “Desktop Calculator”
+
===Network Config===
 +
    '''<code>ipconfig</code>''' – "Internet Protocol configuration", refreshes DHCP and DNS settings on some systems
  
    '''log''' – natural logarithmic function
+
    '''<code>ss</code>''' – utility to investigate sockets
  
    '''mathematica''' – open the app (Raspberry Pi)
+
    '''<code>ssh</code>''' – OpenSSH SSH client (remote login program)
  
    '''sin''' – sine function
+
===Network Monitoring===
 +
    '''<code>ping</code>''' – send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts
  
=== Network Config ===
+
    '''<code>nc</code>''' – arbitrary TCP and UDP connections and listens
    '''ifconfig''' – configure network interface parameters
 
  
    '''ss''' – utility to investigate sockets
+
    '''<code>traceroute</code>''' – print the route packets take to network host
  
    '''ssh''' – OpenSSH SSH client (remote login program)
+
===Package Managers===
 +
    '''<code>apt</code>''' – APT package handling utility
  
=== Network Monitoring ===
+
    '''<code>apt-get</code>''' – APT package handling utility
    '''ping''' – send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts
 
  
    '''nc''' – arbitrary TCP and UDP connections and listens
+
    '''<code>dnf</code>''' – for Fedora, (successor to YUM)
  
    '''netstat''' – show network status
+
    '''<code>dpkg</code>''' – for Debian
  
    '''traceroute''' – print the route packets take to network host
+
    '''<code>homebrew</code>''' – [https://brew.sh/ The Missing Package Manager for macOS (or Linux)]
  
=== Package Management ===
+
    '''<code>rpm</code>''' – for Red Hat and CentOS
    '''apt-get''' – APT package handling utility
 
  
    '''apt''' – APT package handling utility
+
    '''<code>snap</code>''' – for Ubuntu
  
    '''dnf''' – Fedora, successor to YUM
+
    '''<code>yum</code>''' – for Fedora (Yellowdog Updater Modified)
  
    '''dpkg''' – package manager for Debian
+
=== Process Management===
 +
    '''<code>bg</code>''' – run a job/process in the background
  
    '''homebrew''' – for macOS or Linux
+
    '''<code>fg</code>''' – run a job/process in the foreground
  
    '''rpm''' – Red Hat and CentOS
+
    '''<code>fuser</code>''' – list processes that have one or more files open
  
    '''snap''' – for Ubuntu
+
    '''<code>halt</code>''' – halt, power-off or reboot the machine
  
    '''yum''' – Yellowdog Updater Modified (Fedora)
+
    '''<code>jobs</code>''' – list all jobs; active, stopped, or otherwise
  
    '''zypper''' – for OpenSUSE
+
    '''<code>kill</code>''' – terminate or signal a process
  
=== Process Management ===
+
    '''<code>killall</code>''' – kill processes by name
    '''bg''' – run a job/process in the background
 
  
    '''fg''' – run a job/process in the foreground
+
    '''<code>ps</code>''' – process status
  
    '''halt''' – halt, power-off or reboot the machine
+
    '''<code>pstree</code>''' – display a tree of processes
  
    '''htop''' – human readable table of processes
+
    '''<code>reboot</code>''' – halt, power-off or reboot the machine
  
    '''jobs''' – list all jobs; active, stopped, or otherwise
+
    '''<code>shutdown</code>''' – halt, power-off or reboot the machine
  
    '''kill''' – terminate or signal a process
+
    '''<code>sudo</code>''' – execute a command as another user
  
    '''killall''' – kill processes by name
+
    '''<code>tmux</code>''' – terminal multiplexer
  
    '''ps''' – process status
+
===Process Monitoring===
 +
    '''<code>asitop</code>''' – CPU, GPU, power, and clock speeds on Macintosh
  
    '''pstree''' – display a tree of processes
+
    '''<code>atop</code>''' – IRQ consumption, network packets in and out, and more
  
    '''reboot''' – halt, power-off or reboot the machine
+
    '''<code>btop</code>''' – for processor, memory, disks, network and processes
  
    '''shutdown''' – halt, power-off or reboot the machine
+
    '''<code>htop</code>''' – human readable table of processes
  
    '''sudo''' – execute a command as another user
+
    '''<code>iftop</code>''' – total bandwidth over the interface
  
    '''tmux''' – terminal multiplexer
+
    '''<code>iotop</code>''' – disk Input/Output (IO) usage in real-time
  
    '''top''' – table of processes
+
    '''<code>ntop</code>''' – "Web-based Traffic and Security Network Traffic Monitoring"
  
=== System Info ===
+
    '''<code>tiptop</code>''' – dynamic real-time view of tasks
    '''arch''' – print machine hardware name (architecture)
 
  
    '''date''' – print or set the system date and time
+
    '''<code>top</code>''' – table of processes
  
    '''df''' – display free disk space
+
===Programming===
 +
    '''<code>geany</code>''' – [https://www.geany.org/ a small and lightweight IDE (Raspberry Pi)]
  
    '''du''' – display disk usage statistics
+
    '''<code>git</code>''' – [https://git-scm.com/ distributed revision control system]
  
    '''fc-list''' – list available fonts  (Raspberry Pi)
+
    '''<code>scratch</code>''' – [https://scratch.mit.edu/ easy to use interactive programming environment (Raspberry Pi)]
  
    '''free''' – display amount of free and used memory in the system
+
    '''<code>vim</code>''' – Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor
  
    '''hostname''' – show or set the system's host name
+
===System Info===
 +
    '''<code>arch</code>''' – print machine hardware name (architecture)
  
    '''lsblk''' – list block devices
+
    '''<code>df</code>''' – display free disk space
  
    '''lscpu''' – list information about the CPU architecture
+
    '''<code>du</code>''' – display disk usage statistics
  
    '''lshw''' – list hardware
+
    '''<code>fc-list</code>''' – list available fonts (Raspberry Pi)
  
    '''lsusb''' – list USB devices
+
    '''<code>free</code>''' – display amount of free and used memory in the system
  
    '''time''' – get time in seconds
+
    '''<code>hostname</code>''' – show or set the system's host name
  
    '''uname''' – print operating system name
+
    '''<code>lsblk</code>''' – list block devices
  
    '''uptime''' – print up time and load
+
    '''<code>lscpu</code>''' – list information about the CPU architecture
  
=== User and Group Management ===
+
    '''<code>lshw</code>''' – list hardware
    '''groupadd''' – create a new group
 
  
    '''groupdel''' – delete a group
+
    '''<code>lsusb</code>''' – list USB devices
  
    '''groups''' – show group memberships
+
    '''<code>time</code>''' – get time in seconds
  
    '''id''' – return user identity
+
    '''<code>uname</code>''' – print operating system name
  
    '''passwd''' – modify a user's password
+
    '''<code>uptime</code>''' – print up time and load
  
    '''useradd''' – create a new user or update default new user info
+
=== User and Group Management===
 +
    '''<code>groupadd</code>''' – create a new group
  
    '''userdel''' – delete a user account and related files
+
    '''<code>groupdel</code>''' – delete a group
  
    '''usermod''' – modify a user account
+
    '''<code>groups</code>''' – show group memberships
  
    '''who''' – print effective user ID
+
    '''<code>id</code>''' – return user identity
  
    '''whoami''' – print the user name
+
    '''<code>passwd</code>''' – modify a user's password
==Training — PPM Trainer(s) needed==
+
 
PPM announces all its [https://www.meetup.com/pikespeakmakerspace/events '''Upcoming events, including classes, on Meetup''']
+
    '''<code>useradd</code>''' – create a new user or update default new user info
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>userdel</code>''' – delete a user account and related files
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>usermod</code>''' – modify a user account
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>who</code>''' – print effective user ID
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>whoami</code>''' – print the user name
 +
==Hand-Curated Links==
 +
'''Links to member-recommended external sites:'''
 +
:'''[[wikipedia:List_of_POSIX_commands|List of POSIX commands]]''' on Wikipedia
 +
 
 +
==Additional Help==
 +
'''Links to related PPM Wiki pages:'''
  
==Related Pages==
 
Links to related PPM Wiki pages:
 
 
:'''[[GitHub Tips]]'''
 
:'''[[GitHub Tips]]'''
  
:[[Ubuntu|<span style="color:#000000; background:#D0DD27">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Ubuntu'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
+
:[[Computers — Ubuntu|<span style="color:#000000; background:#D0DD27">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Computers — Ubuntu'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
:[[Computers|<span style="color:#000000; background:#D0DD27">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Computers'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
+
 
 +
:[[Computers — Mac and Apple|<span style="color:#000000; background:#D0DD27">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Computers — Mac and Apple'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
 +
 
 +
:[[Computers|<span style="color:#000000; background:#D0DD27">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Computers — Windows'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
 +
 
 
:[[Infrastructure at PPM|<span style="color:#000000; background:#D0DD27">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Infrastructure at PPM'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
 
:[[Infrastructure at PPM|<span style="color:#000000; background:#D0DD27">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Infrastructure at PPM'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
 +
 
:[[Raspberry Pi|<span style="color:#ffffff; background:#864199">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Raspberry Pi'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
 
:[[Raspberry Pi|<span style="color:#ffffff; background:#864199">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Raspberry Pi'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
==Hand-Curated Links==
 
Links to member-recommended external sites:
 
:'''[[wikipedia:List_of_free_and_open-source_software_packages|List of free and open-source software packages]]''' — on Wikipedia
 
:'''[[wikipedia:Easter_egg_(media)|Easter Egg]]''' — on Wikipedia
 
  
==For Additional Help==
+
Use the PPM Slack channel #computing
: Use the PPM Slack channel #computing
+
 
:[[How To Slack#PPM Channel Names and Descriptions|'''List of all PPM Slack channels''']]
+
Note that we have a Slack channel (#job-board) for members to post, discuss, or accept job opportunities either within PPM or from the&nbsp;community.
:Note that we have a Slack channel (#job-board) for members to post, discuss, or accept job opportunities either within PPM or from the&nbsp;community.<br>
+
 
 
{{Template:Footer}}
 
{{Template:Footer}}
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<p style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; background:#ff6c00; color:#FFFFFF; font-size:15%;"> &nbsp; </p>
 
<p style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; background:#ff6c00; color:#FFFFFF; font-size:15%;"> &nbsp; </p>
 
{{Template:Ideas into reality}}
 
  
 
[[Category:Software]]
 
[[Category:Software]]
[[Category:Volunteers Needed]]
 
<!--Woodshop-->
 

Latest revision as of 08:04, 4 April 2025

Learn about the software that we have installed for all our members at Pikes Peak Makerspace (PPM).

Level 1 badge used at Pikes Peak Makerspace

Use of software installed on PPM Design Workstations or dedicated computers does not require any additional required training (Level 1).




Contact Us if you cannot find your answer here on our Wiki or if you notice any information that is outdated.

 


burst of white rays on orange background

Linux Tools for Beginners

Command Line

    apropos – search the manual page names and descriptions

    clear – clear the terminal screen

    echo – display a line of text

    help – list of shell commands

    history – track input from the user a line at a time

    info – read the info documents

    man – interface to the on-line reference manuals

    say – convert text to audible speech

    scrot – SCReenshOT utility (Raspberry Pi)

    whatis – display one-line manual page descriptions

Date and Time

    cal – print a calendar

    date – print or set the system date and time

File and Directory Management

    alias – define or display aliases

    cd – change the current directory

    chown – change file owner and group

    cp – copy files and directories

    dd – convert and copy a file

    dir – list directory contents

    file – determine file type

    ls – list directory contents

    mkdir – make directories

    mv – move (rename) files

    pwd – print working directory

    rm – remove files or directories

    rsync – copy files between machines

    touch – change file timestamps

    which – locate a program file in the user's path

File Editing

    awk – pattern scanning and text processing language

    cut – remove sections from each line of files

    gzip – compress or expand already compressed files

    nano – Nano's ANOther editor, an enhanced free Pico clone

    open – open files and directories

    pandocuniversal document converter

    sed – stream editor

    tar – manipulate tape archives

    unzip – list, test and extract compressed files in a ZIP archive

File Transfer

    curl"command line tool and library for transferring data with URLs"

    wget – retrieve files using HTTPS or FTPS

File Viewing

    cat – concatenate and print files

    column – formats its input into multiple columns

    diff – compare 2 files line by line

    find – search for files in a directory hierarchy

    grep – print lines that match patterns

    head – output the first part of files

    jqlightweight and flexible command-line JSON processor

    less – opposite of more

    locate – faster version of find, depends on a database

    look – display lines beginning with a given string

    more – page through text one screenful at a time

    tail – output the last part of files

    wc – word counts, and line and byte counts

    zgrep – search compressed files

Math Functions

    bc – basic calculator

    dc – RPN “Desktop Calculator”

    log – natural logarithmic function

    mathematicaopen the app (Raspberry Pi)

    sin – sine function

Network Config

    ipconfig – "Internet Protocol configuration", refreshes DHCP and DNS settings on some systems

    ss – utility to investigate sockets

    ssh – OpenSSH SSH client (remote login program)

Network Monitoring

    ping – send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts

    nc – arbitrary TCP and UDP connections and listens

    traceroute – print the route packets take to network host

Package Managers

    apt – APT package handling utility

    apt-get – APT package handling utility

    dnf – for Fedora, (successor to YUM)

    dpkg – for Debian

    homebrewThe Missing Package Manager for macOS (or Linux)

    rpm – for Red Hat and CentOS

    snap – for Ubuntu

    yum – for Fedora (Yellowdog Updater Modified)

Process Management

    bg – run a job/process in the background

    fg – run a job/process in the foreground

    fuser – list processes that have one or more files open

    halt – halt, power-off or reboot the machine

    jobs – list all jobs; active, stopped, or otherwise

    kill – terminate or signal a process

    killall – kill processes by name

    ps – process status

    pstree – display a tree of processes

    reboot – halt, power-off or reboot the machine

    shutdown – halt, power-off or reboot the machine

    sudo – execute a command as another user

    tmux – terminal multiplexer

Process Monitoring

    asitop – CPU, GPU, power, and clock speeds on Macintosh

    atop – IRQ consumption, network packets in and out, and more

    btop – for processor, memory, disks, network and processes

    htop – human readable table of processes

    iftop – total bandwidth over the interface

    iotop – disk Input/Output (IO) usage in real-time

    ntop – "Web-based Traffic and Security Network Traffic Monitoring"

    tiptop – dynamic real-time view of tasks

    top – table of processes

Programming

    geanya small and lightweight IDE (Raspberry Pi)

    gitdistributed revision control system

    scratcheasy to use interactive programming environment (Raspberry Pi)

    vim – Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor

System Info

    arch – print machine hardware name (architecture)

    df – display free disk space

    du – display disk usage statistics

    fc-list – list available fonts (Raspberry Pi)

    free – display amount of free and used memory in the system

    hostname – show or set the system's host name

    lsblk – list block devices

    lscpu – list information about the CPU architecture

    lshw – list hardware

    lsusb – list USB devices

    time – get time in seconds

    uname – print operating system name

    uptime – print up time and load

User and Group Management

    groupadd – create a new group

    groupdel – delete a group

    groups – show group memberships

    id – return user identity

    passwd – modify a user's password

    useradd – create a new user or update default new user info

    userdel – delete a user account and related files

    usermod – modify a user account

    who – print effective user ID

    whoami – print the user name

Hand-Curated Links

Links to member-recommended external sites:

List of POSIX commands — on Wikipedia

Additional Help

Links to related PPM Wiki pages:

GitHub Tips
  Computers — Ubuntu  
  Computers — Mac and Apple  
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  Infrastructure at PPM  
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Use the PPM Slack channel #computing

Note that we have a Slack channel (#job-board) for members to post, discuss, or accept job opportunities either within PPM or from the community.


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