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[[File:Level 1 badge.png|alt=Level 1 badge used at Pikes Peak Makerspace|left|frameless|100x100px|PPM MEMBER USE]]
 
 
 
'''Learn about the software that we have installed for all our members''' at Pikes Peak Makerspace (PPM).
 
'''Learn about the software that we have installed for all our members''' at Pikes Peak Makerspace (PPM).
 
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[[File:Level 1 badge.png|alt=Level 1 badge used at Pikes Peak Makerspace|left|frameless|90x90px|PPM MEMBER USE]]
Use of software installed on PPM computers does not require any additional required training (Level 1).
+
Use of software installed on PPM Design Workstations or dedicated computers does not require any additional required training (Level 1).
 +
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<p style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; background:#ff6c00; color:#FFFFFF; font-size:15%;"> &nbsp; </p>
 
<p style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; background:#ff6c00; color:#FFFFFF; font-size:15%;"> &nbsp; </p>
 
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[[File:Burst.png|alt=Welcome banner|right|frameless|250x250px]]
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[[File:Burst.png|alt=burst of white rays on orange background|link=https://wiki.pikespeakmakerspace.org/index.php/About_PPM|right|frameless|250x250px]]
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 +
==Linux Tools for Beginners==
 +
 
 +
===Command Line===
 +
    '''<code>apropos</code>''' – search the manual page names and descriptions
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>clear</code>''' – clear the terminal screen
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>echo</code>''' – display a line of text
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>help</code>''' – list of shell commands
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>history</code>''' – track input from the user a line at a time
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>info</code>''' – read the info documents
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>man</code>''' – interface to the on-line reference manuals
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>say</code>''' – convert text to audible speech
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>scrot</code>''' – SCReenshOT utility (Raspberry Pi)
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>whatis</code>''' – display one-line manual page descriptions
 +
 
 +
=== '''Date and Time'''===
 +
    '''<code>cal</code>''' – print a calendar
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>date</code>''' – print or set the system date and time
 +
 
 +
=== File and Directory Management===
 +
    '''<code>alias</code>''' – define or display aliases
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>cd</code>''' – change the current directory
  
== '''Linux Tools for Beginners''' ==
+
    '''<code>chown</code>''' – change file owner and group
  
=== Command Line ===
+
    '''<code>cp</code>''' – copy files and directories
    '''apropos''' – search the manual page names and descriptions
 
  
    '''clear''' – clear the terminal screen
+
    '''<code>dd</code>''' – convert and copy a file
  
    '''echo''' – display a line of text
+
    '''<code>dir</code>''' – list directory contents
  
    '''help''' – list of shell commands
+
    '''<code>file</code>''' – determine file type
  
    '''history''' – track input from the user a line at a time
+
    '''<code>ls</code>''' – list directory contents
  
    '''info''' – read the info documents
+
    '''<code>mkdir</code>''' – make directories
  
    '''man''' – interface to the on-line reference manuals
+
    '''<code>mv</code>''' – move (rename) files
  
    '''scrot''' – command line screen capture utility
+
    '''<code>pwd</code>''' – print working directory
  
    '''whatis''' – display one-line manual page descriptions
+
    '''<code>rm</code>''' – remove files or directories
  
=== File and Directory Management ===
+
    '''<code>rsync</code>''' – copy files between machines
    '''alias''' – define or display aliases
 
  
    '''cd''' – change the current directory
+
    '''<code>touch</code>''' – change file timestamps
  
    '''chown''' – change file owner and group
+
    '''<code>which</code>''' – locate a program file in the user's path
  
    '''cp''' – copy files and directories
+
===File Editing===
 +
    '''<code>awk</code>''' – pattern scanning and text processing language
  
    '''dd''' – convert and copy a file
+
    '''<code>cut</code>''' – remove sections from each line of files
  
    '''dir''' – list directory contents
+
    '''<code>gzip</code>''' – compress or expand already compressed files
  
    '''file''' – determine file type
+
    '''<code>nano</code>''' – Nano's ANOther editor, an enhanced free Pico clone
  
    '''git''' – fast, scalable, distributed revision control system
+
    '''<code>open</code>''' – open files and directories
  
    '''ls''' – list directory contents
+
    '''<code>pandoc</code>''' – [https://pandoc.org/ universal document converter]
  
    '''mkdir''' – make directories
+
    '''<code>sed</code>''' – stream editor
  
    '''mv''' – move (rename) files
+
    '''<code>tar</code>''' – manipulate tape archives
  
    '''pwd''' – print working directory
+
    '''<code>unzip</code>''' – list, test and extract compressed files in a ZIP archive
  
    '''rm''' – remove files or directories
+
===File Transfer===
 +
    '''<code>curl</code>''' – [https://curl.se/ "command line tool and library for transferring data with URLs"]
  
    '''scp''' – secure copy
+
    '''<code>wget</code>''' – retrieve files using HTTPS or FTPS
  
    '''touch''' – change file timestamps
+
===File Viewing===
 +
    '''<code>cat</code>''' – concatenate and print files
  
=== File Editing ===
+
    '''<code>column</code>''' – formats its input into multiple columns
    '''awk''' – pattern scanning and text processing language
 
  
    '''cut''' – remove sections from each line of files
+
    '''<code>diff</code>''' – compare 2 files line by line
  
    '''expand''' – convert tabs to spaces
+
    '''<code>find</code>''' – search for files in a directory hierarchy
  
    '''geany''' – a small and lightweight IDE  (Raspberry Pi)
+
    '''<code>grep</code>''' – print lines that match patterns
  
    '''gzip''' – compress or expand files
+
    '''<code>head</code>''' – output the first part of files
  
    '''nano''' – Nano's ANOther editor, an enhanced free Pico clone
+
    '''<code>jq</code>''' – [https://jqlang.github.io/jq/ lightweight and flexible command-line JSON processor]
  
    '''scratch''' – easy to use interactive programming environment  (Raspberry Pi)
+
    '''<code>less</code>''' – opposite of more
  
    '''sed''' – stream editor
+
    '''<code>locate</code>''' – faster version of find, depends on a database
  
    '''tar''' – manipulate tape archives
+
    '''<code>look</code>''' – display lines beginning with a given string
  
    '''vim''' – Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor
+
    '''<code>more</code>''' – page through text one screenful at a time
  
=== File Transfer ===
+
    '''<code>tail</code>''' – output the last part of files
    '''curl''' – transfer a URL
 
  
    '''wget''' – non-interactive download of files
+
    '''<code>wc</code>''' – word counts, and line and byte counts
  
=== File Viewing ===
+
    '''<code>zgrep</code>''' – search compressed files
    '''cat''' – concatenate and print files
 
  
    '''diff''' – compare 2 files line by line
+
===Math Functions===
 +
    '''<code>bc</code>''' – basic calculator
  
    '''find''' – search for files in a directory hierarchy
+
    '''<code>dc</code>''' – RPN “Desktop Calculator”
  
    '''grep''' – print lines that match patterns
+
    '''<code>log</code>''' – natural logarithmic function
  
    '''head''' – output the first part of files
+
    '''<code>mathematica</code>''' – [https://www.wolfram.com/raspberry-pi/ open the app (Raspberry Pi)]
  
    '''less''' – opposite of more
+
    '''<code>sin</code>''' – sine function
  
    '''more''' – page through text one screenful at a time
+
===Network Config===
 +
    '''<code>ipconfig</code>''' – "Internet Protocol configuration", refreshes DHCP and DNS settings on some systems
  
    '''open''' and possibly create a file
+
    '''<code>ss</code>''' – utility to investigate sockets
  
    '''tail''' – output the last part of files
+
    '''<code>ssh</code>''' – OpenSSH SSH client (remote login program)
  
    '''wc''' – word counts, and line and byte counts
+
===Network Monitoring===
 +
    '''<code>ping</code>''' – send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts
  
    '''zgrep''' – search compressed files
+
    '''<code>nc</code>''' – arbitrary TCP and UDP connections and listens
  
=== Math Functions ===
+
    '''<code>traceroute</code>''' – print the route packets take to network host
    '''bc''' – basic calculator
 
  
    '''dc''' – RPN “Desktop Calculator”
+
===Package Managers===
 +
    '''<code>apt</code>''' – APT package handling utility
  
    '''log''' – natural logarithmic function
+
    '''<code>apt-get</code>''' – APT package handling utility
  
    '''mathematica''' – open the app (Raspberry Pi)
+
    '''<code>dnf</code>''' – for Fedora, (successor to YUM)
  
    '''sin''' – sine function
+
    '''<code>dpkg</code>''' – for Debian
  
=== Network Config ===
+
    '''<code>homebrew</code>''' – [https://brew.sh/ The Missing Package Manager for macOS (or Linux)]
    '''ifconfig''' – configure network interface parameters
 
  
    '''ss''' – utility to investigate sockets
+
    '''<code>rpm</code>''' – for Red Hat and CentOS
  
    '''ssh''' – OpenSSH SSH client (remote login program)
+
    '''<code>snap</code>''' – for Ubuntu
  
=== Network Monitoring ===
+
    '''<code>yum</code>''' – for Fedora (Yellowdog Updater Modified)
    '''ping''' – send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts
 
  
    '''nc''' – arbitrary TCP and UDP connections and listens
+
=== Process Management===
 +
    '''<code>bg</code>''' – run a job/process in the background
  
    '''netstat''' – show network status
+
    '''<code>fg</code>''' – run a job/process in the foreground
  
    '''traceroute''' – print the route packets take to network host
+
    '''<code>fuser</code>''' – list processes that have one or more files open
  
=== Package Management ===
+
    '''<code>halt</code>''' – halt, power-off or reboot the machine
    '''apt-get''' – APT package handling utility
 
  
    '''apt''' – APT package handling utility
+
    '''<code>jobs</code>''' – list all jobs; active, stopped, or otherwise
  
    '''dnf''' – Fedora, successor to YUM
+
    '''<code>kill</code>''' – terminate or signal a process
  
    '''dpkg''' – package manager for Debian
+
    '''<code>killall</code>''' – kill processes by name
  
    '''homebrew''' – for macOS or Linux
+
    '''<code>ps</code>''' – process status
  
    '''rpm''' – Red Hat and CentOS
+
    '''<code>pstree</code>''' – display a tree of processes
  
    '''snap''' – for Ubuntu
+
    '''<code>reboot</code>''' – halt, power-off or reboot the machine
  
    '''yum''' – Yellowdog Updater Modified (Fedora)
+
    '''<code>shutdown</code>''' – halt, power-off or reboot the machine
  
    '''zypper''' – for OpenSUSE
+
    '''<code>sudo</code>''' – execute a command as another user
  
=== Process Management ===
+
    '''<code>tmux</code>''' – terminal multiplexer
    '''bg''' – run a job/process in the background
 
  
    '''fg''' – run a job/process in the foreground
+
===Process Monitoring===
 +
    '''<code>asitop</code>''' – CPU, GPU, power, and clock speeds on Macintosh
  
    '''halt''' – halt, power-off or reboot the machine
+
    '''<code>atop</code>''' – IRQ consumption, network packets in and out, and more
  
    '''htop''' – human readable table of processes
+
    '''<code>btop</code>''' – for processor, memory, disks, network and processes
  
    '''jobs''' – list all jobs; active, stopped, or otherwise
+
    '''<code>htop</code>''' – human readable table of processes
  
    '''kill''' – terminate or signal a process
+
    '''<code>iftop</code>''' – total bandwidth over the interface
  
    '''killall''' – kill processes by name
+
    '''<code>iotop</code>''' – disk Input/Output (IO) usage in real-time
  
    '''ps''' – process status
+
    '''<code>ntop</code>''' – "Web-based Traffic and Security Network Traffic Monitoring"
  
    '''pstree''' – display a tree of processes
+
    '''<code>tiptop</code>''' – dynamic real-time view of tasks
  
    '''reboot''' – halt, power-off or reboot the machine
+
    '''<code>top</code>''' – table of processes
  
    '''shutdown''' – halt, power-off or reboot the machine
+
===Programming===
 +
    '''<code>geany</code>''' – [https://www.geany.org/ a small and lightweight IDE (Raspberry Pi)]
  
    '''sudo''' – execute a command as another user
+
    '''<code>git</code>''' – [https://git-scm.com/ distributed revision control system]
  
    '''tmux''' – terminal multiplexer
+
    '''<code>scratch</code>''' – [https://scratch.mit.edu/ easy to use interactive programming environment (Raspberry Pi)]
  
    '''top''' – table of processes
+
    '''<code>vim</code>''' – Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor
  
=== System Info ===
+
===System Info===
    '''arch''' – Print machine hardware name (architecture)
+
    '''<code>arch</code>''' – print machine hardware name (architecture)
  
    '''date''' – print or set the system date and time
+
    '''<code>df</code>''' – display free disk space
  
    '''df''' – display free disk space
+
    '''<code>du</code>''' – display disk usage statistics
  
    '''du''' – display disk usage statistics
+
    '''<code>fc-list</code>''' – list available fonts (Raspberry Pi)
  
    '''fc-list''' – list available fonts  (Raspberry Pi)
+
    '''<code>free</code>''' – display amount of free and used memory in the system
  
    '''free''' – display amount of free and used memory in the system
+
    '''<code>hostname</code>''' – show or set the system's host name
  
    '''hostname''' – show or set the system's host name
+
    '''<code>lsblk</code>''' – list block devices
  
    '''lsblk''' – list block devices
+
    '''<code>lscpu</code>''' – list information about the CPU architecture
  
    '''lscpu''' – list information about the CPU architecture
+
    '''<code>lshw</code>''' – list hardware
  
    '''lshw''' – list hardware
+
    '''<code>lsusb</code>''' – list USB devices
  
    '''lsusb''' – list USB devices
+
    '''<code>time</code>''' – get time in seconds
  
    '''time''' – get time in seconds
+
    '''<code>uname</code>''' – print operating system name
  
    '''uname''' – print operating system name
+
    '''<code>uptime</code>''' – print up time and load
  
    '''uptime''' – print up time and load
+
=== User and Group Management===
 +
    '''<code>groupadd</code>''' – create a new group
  
=== User and Group Management ===
+
    '''<code>groupdel</code>''' – delete a group
    '''groupadd''' – create a new group
 
  
    '''groupdel''' – delete a group
+
    '''<code>groups</code>''' – show group memberships
  
    '''groups''' – show group memberships
+
    '''<code>id</code>''' – return user identity
  
    '''id''' – return user identity
+
    '''<code>passwd</code>''' – modify a user's password
  
    '''passwd''' – modify a user's password
+
    '''<code>useradd</code>''' – create a new user or update default new user info
  
    '''useradd''' – create a new user or update default new user info
+
    '''<code>userdel</code>''' – delete a user account and related files
  
    '''userdel''' – delete a user account and related files
+
    '''<code>usermod</code>''' – modify a user account
  
    '''usermod''' – modify a user account
+
    '''<code>who</code>''' – print effective user ID
  
    '''who''' – print effective user ID
+
    '''<code>whoami</code>''' – print the user name
 +
==Hand-Curated Links==
 +
'''Links to member-recommended external sites:'''
 +
:'''[[wikipedia:List_of_POSIX_commands|List of POSIX commands]]''' — on Wikipedia
  
    '''whoami''' – print the user name
+
==Additional Help==
==Training — PPM Trainer(s) needed==
+
'''Links to related PPM Wiki pages:'''
PPM announces all its [https://www.meetup.com/pikespeakmakerspace/events '''Upcoming events, including classes, on Meetup''']
 
  
==Related Pages==
 
Links to related PPM Wiki pages:
 
 
:'''[[GitHub Tips]]'''
 
:'''[[GitHub Tips]]'''
  
:[[Computers|<span style="color:#000000; background:#D0DD27">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Computers'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
+
:[[Computers — Ubuntu|<span style="color:#000000; background:#D0DD27">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Computers — Ubuntu'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
 +
 
 +
:[[Computers — Mac and Apple|<span style="color:#000000; background:#D0DD27">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Computers — Mac and Apple'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
 +
 
 +
:[[Computers|<span style="color:#000000; background:#D0DD27">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Computers — Windows'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
 +
 
 
:[[Infrastructure at PPM|<span style="color:#000000; background:#D0DD27">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Infrastructure at PPM'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
 
:[[Infrastructure at PPM|<span style="color:#000000; background:#D0DD27">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Infrastructure at PPM'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
:[[Ubuntu|<span style="color:#000000; background:#D0DD27">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Ubuntu'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
+
 
 
:[[Raspberry Pi|<span style="color:#ffffff; background:#864199">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Raspberry Pi'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
 
:[[Raspberry Pi|<span style="color:#ffffff; background:#864199">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Raspberry Pi'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
==Hand-Curated Links==
 
Links to member-recommended external sites:
 
:'''[[wikipedia:List_of_free_and_open-source_software_packages|List of free and open-source software packages]]''' — on Wikipedia
 
:'''[[wikipedia:Easter_egg_(media)|Easter Egg]]''' — on Wikipedia
 
  
==For Additional Help==
+
Use the PPM Slack channel #computing
: Use the PPM Slack channel #computing
+
 
:[[How To Slack#PPM Channel Names and Descriptions|'''List of all PPM Slack channels''']]
+
Note that we have a Slack channel (#job-board) for members to post, discuss, or accept job opportunities either within PPM or from the&nbsp;community.
:Note that we have a Slack channel (#job-board) for members to post, discuss, or accept job opportunities either within PPM or from the&nbsp;community.<br>
+
 
 
{{Template:Footer}}
 
{{Template:Footer}}
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<p style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; background:#ff6c00; color:#FFFFFF; font-size:15%;"> &nbsp; </p>
 
<p style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; background:#ff6c00; color:#FFFFFF; font-size:15%;"> &nbsp; </p>
 
{{Template:Ideas into reality}}
 
  
 
[[Category:Software]]
 
[[Category:Software]]
[[Category:Volunteers Needed]]
 
<!--Woodshop-->
 

Latest revision as of 08:04, 4 April 2025

Learn about the software that we have installed for all our members at Pikes Peak Makerspace (PPM).

Level 1 badge used at Pikes Peak Makerspace

Use of software installed on PPM Design Workstations or dedicated computers does not require any additional required training (Level 1).




Contact Us if you cannot find your answer here on our Wiki or if you notice any information that is outdated.

 


burst of white rays on orange background

Linux Tools for Beginners

Command Line

    apropos – search the manual page names and descriptions

    clear – clear the terminal screen

    echo – display a line of text

    help – list of shell commands

    history – track input from the user a line at a time

    info – read the info documents

    man – interface to the on-line reference manuals

    say – convert text to audible speech

    scrot – SCReenshOT utility (Raspberry Pi)

    whatis – display one-line manual page descriptions

Date and Time

    cal – print a calendar

    date – print or set the system date and time

File and Directory Management

    alias – define or display aliases

    cd – change the current directory

    chown – change file owner and group

    cp – copy files and directories

    dd – convert and copy a file

    dir – list directory contents

    file – determine file type

    ls – list directory contents

    mkdir – make directories

    mv – move (rename) files

    pwd – print working directory

    rm – remove files or directories

    rsync – copy files between machines

    touch – change file timestamps

    which – locate a program file in the user's path

File Editing

    awk – pattern scanning and text processing language

    cut – remove sections from each line of files

    gzip – compress or expand already compressed files

    nano – Nano's ANOther editor, an enhanced free Pico clone

    open – open files and directories

    pandocuniversal document converter

    sed – stream editor

    tar – manipulate tape archives

    unzip – list, test and extract compressed files in a ZIP archive

File Transfer

    curl"command line tool and library for transferring data with URLs"

    wget – retrieve files using HTTPS or FTPS

File Viewing

    cat – concatenate and print files

    column – formats its input into multiple columns

    diff – compare 2 files line by line

    find – search for files in a directory hierarchy

    grep – print lines that match patterns

    head – output the first part of files

    jqlightweight and flexible command-line JSON processor

    less – opposite of more

    locate – faster version of find, depends on a database

    look – display lines beginning with a given string

    more – page through text one screenful at a time

    tail – output the last part of files

    wc – word counts, and line and byte counts

    zgrep – search compressed files

Math Functions

    bc – basic calculator

    dc – RPN “Desktop Calculator”

    log – natural logarithmic function

    mathematicaopen the app (Raspberry Pi)

    sin – sine function

Network Config

    ipconfig – "Internet Protocol configuration", refreshes DHCP and DNS settings on some systems

    ss – utility to investigate sockets

    ssh – OpenSSH SSH client (remote login program)

Network Monitoring

    ping – send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts

    nc – arbitrary TCP and UDP connections and listens

    traceroute – print the route packets take to network host

Package Managers

    apt – APT package handling utility

    apt-get – APT package handling utility

    dnf – for Fedora, (successor to YUM)

    dpkg – for Debian

    homebrewThe Missing Package Manager for macOS (or Linux)

    rpm – for Red Hat and CentOS

    snap – for Ubuntu

    yum – for Fedora (Yellowdog Updater Modified)

Process Management

    bg – run a job/process in the background

    fg – run a job/process in the foreground

    fuser – list processes that have one or more files open

    halt – halt, power-off or reboot the machine

    jobs – list all jobs; active, stopped, or otherwise

    kill – terminate or signal a process

    killall – kill processes by name

    ps – process status

    pstree – display a tree of processes

    reboot – halt, power-off or reboot the machine

    shutdown – halt, power-off or reboot the machine

    sudo – execute a command as another user

    tmux – terminal multiplexer

Process Monitoring

    asitop – CPU, GPU, power, and clock speeds on Macintosh

    atop – IRQ consumption, network packets in and out, and more

    btop – for processor, memory, disks, network and processes

    htop – human readable table of processes

    iftop – total bandwidth over the interface

    iotop – disk Input/Output (IO) usage in real-time

    ntop – "Web-based Traffic and Security Network Traffic Monitoring"

    tiptop – dynamic real-time view of tasks

    top – table of processes

Programming

    geanya small and lightweight IDE (Raspberry Pi)

    gitdistributed revision control system

    scratcheasy to use interactive programming environment (Raspberry Pi)

    vim – Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor

System Info

    arch – print machine hardware name (architecture)

    df – display free disk space

    du – display disk usage statistics

    fc-list – list available fonts (Raspberry Pi)

    free – display amount of free and used memory in the system

    hostname – show or set the system's host name

    lsblk – list block devices

    lscpu – list information about the CPU architecture

    lshw – list hardware

    lsusb – list USB devices

    time – get time in seconds

    uname – print operating system name

    uptime – print up time and load

User and Group Management

    groupadd – create a new group

    groupdel – delete a group

    groups – show group memberships

    id – return user identity

    passwd – modify a user's password

    useradd – create a new user or update default new user info

    userdel – delete a user account and related files

    usermod – modify a user account

    who – print effective user ID

    whoami – print the user name

Hand-Curated Links

Links to member-recommended external sites:

List of POSIX commands — on Wikipedia

Additional Help

Links to related PPM Wiki pages:

GitHub Tips
  Computers — Ubuntu  
  Computers — Mac and Apple  
  Computers — Windows  
  Infrastructure at PPM  
  Raspberry Pi  

Use the PPM Slack channel #computing

Note that we have a Slack channel (#job-board) for members to post, discuss, or accept job opportunities either within PPM or from the community.


Search the PPM Wiki — include Content pages as well as Multimedia.

Contact Us if you cannot find your answer here on our Wiki or if you notice any information that is outdated.