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[[File:Level 1 badge.png|alt=Level 1 badge used at Pikes Peak Makerspace|left|frameless|100x100px|PPM MEMBER USE]]
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'''Learn about the software that we have installed for all our members''' at Pikes Peak Makerspace (PPM).
 +
<br>
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<br>
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Use of software installed on PPM computers does not require any additional required training (Level 1).
 +
<br>
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<br>
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<br>
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<p style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; background:#ff6c00; color:#FFFFFF; font-size:15%;"> &nbsp; </p>
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[[File:Burst.png|alt=Welcome banner|right|frameless|250x250px]]
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== '''Linux Tools for Beginners''' ==
 
== '''Linux Tools for Beginners''' ==
  
−
=== '''Command Line''' ===
+
=== Command Line ===
−
    '''apropos''' – search the manual page names and descriptions
+
    '''<code>apropos</code>''' – search the manual page names and descriptions
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>clear</code>''' – clear the terminal screen
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>code</code>''' – launch Visual Studio Code (macOS)
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>echo</code>''' – display a line of text
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>help</code>''' – list of shell commands
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>history</code>''' – track input from the user a line at a time
 +
 
 +
    '''<code>info</code>''' – read the info documents
  
−
    '''clear''' – clear the terminal screen
+
    '''<code>man</code>''' – interface to the on-line reference manuals
  
−
    '''echo''' – display a line of text
+
    '''<code>say</code>''' – convert text to audible speech
  
−
    '''help''' – list of shell commands
+
    '''<code>scrot</code>''' – command line screen capture utility
  
−
    '''history''' – track input from the user a line at a time
+
    '''<code>whatis</code>''' – display one-line manual page descriptions
  
−
    '''info''' – read the info documents
+
=== File and Directory Management ===
 +
    '''<code>alias</code>''' – define or display aliases
  
−
    '''man''' – interface to the on-line reference manuals
+
    '''<code>cd</code>''' – change the current directory
  
−
    '''scrot''' – command line screen capture utility
+
    '''<code>chown</code>''' – change file owner and group
  
−
    '''whatis''' – display one-line manual page descriptions
+
    '''<code>cp</code>''' – copy files and directories
  
−
=== '''Math Functions''' ===
+
    '''<code>dd</code>''' – convert and copy a file
−
    '''bc''' – basic calculator
 
  
−
    '''dc''' – RPN “Desktop Calculator”
+
    '''<code>dir</code>''' – list directory contents
  
−
    '''log''' – natural logarithmic function
+
    '''<code>file</code>''' – determine file type
  
−
    '''mathematica''' – open the app (Raspberry Pi)
+
    '''<code>git</code>''' – fast, scalable, distributed revision control system
  
−
    '''sin''' – sine function
+
    '''<code>ls</code>''' – list directory contents
  
−
=== '''File and Directory Management''' ===
+
    '''<code>mkdir</code>''' – make directories
−
    '''alias''' – define or display aliases
 
  
−
    '''cd''' – change the current directory
+
    '''<code>mv</code>''' – move (rename) files
  
−
    '''chown''' – change file owner and group
+
    '''<code>pwd</code>''' – print working directory
  
−
    '''cp''' – copy files and directories
+
    '''<code>rm</code>''' – remove files or directories
  
−
    '''dd''' – convert and copy a file
+
    '''<code>scp</code>''' – secure copy
  
−
    '''dir''' – list directory contents
+
    '''<code>touch</code>''' – change file timestamps
  
−
    '''file''' – determine file type
+
    '''<code>which</code>''' – locate a program file in the user's path
  
−
    '''git''' – fast, scalable, distributed revision control system
+
=== File Editing ===
 +
    '''<code>awk</code>''' – pattern scanning and text processing language
  
−
    '''ls''' – list directory contents
+
    '''<code>cut</code>''' – remove sections from each line of files
  
−
    '''mkdir''' – make directories
+
    '''<code>geany</code>''' – [https://www.geany.org/ a small and lightweight IDE (Raspberry Pi)]
  
−
    '''mv''' – move (rename) files
+
    '''<code>gzip</code>''' – compress or expand files
  
−
    '''pwd''' – print working directory
+
    '''<code>nano</code>''' – Nano's ANOther editor, an enhanced free Pico clone
  
−
    '''rm''' – remove files or directories
+
    '''<code>open</code>''' – open files and directories
  
−
    '''scp''' – secure copy
+
    '''<code>pandoc</code>''' – [https://pandoc.org/ universal document converter]
  
−
    '''touch''' – change file timestamps
+
    '''<code>scratch</code>''' – [https://scratch.mit.edu/ easy to use interactive programming environment (Raspberry Pi)]
  
−
=== '''File Editing''' ===
+
    '''<code>sed</code>''' – stream editor
−
    '''awk''' – pattern scanning and text processing language
 
  
−
    '''cut''' – remove sections from each line of files
+
    '''<code>tar</code>''' – manipulate tape archives
  
−
    '''expand''' – convert tabs to spaces
+
    '''<code>unzip</code>''' – list, test and extract compressed files in a ZIP archive
  
−
    '''geany''' – a small and lightweight IDE  (Raspberry Pi)
+
    '''<code>vim</code>''' – Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor
  
−
    '''gzip''' – compress or expand files
+
===File Transfer===
 +
    '''<code>curl</code>''' – transfer a URL
  
−
    '''nano''' – Nano's ANOther editor, an enhanced free Pico clone
+
    '''<code>wget</code>''' – non-interactive download of files
  
−
    '''scratch''' – easy to use interactive programming environment  (Raspberry Pi)
+
===File Viewing===
 +
    '''<code>cat</code>''' – concatenate and print files
  
−
    '''sed''' – stream editor
+
    '''<code>diff</code>''' – compare 2 files line by line
  
−
    '''tar''' – manipulate tape archives
+
    '''<code>find</code>''' – search for files in a directory hierarchy
  
−
    '''vim''' – Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor
+
    '''<code>grep</code>''' – print lines that match patterns
  
−
=== '''File Transfer''' ===
+
    '''<code>head</code>''' – output the first part of files
−
    '''curl''' – transfer a URL
 
  
−
    '''wget''' – non-interactive download of files
+
    '''<code>jq</code>''' – [https://jqlang.github.io/jq/ lightweight and flexible command-line JSON processor]
  
−
=== '''File Viewing''' ===
+
    '''<code>less</code>''' – opposite of more
−
    '''cat''' – concatenate and print files
 
  
−
    '''diff''' – compate 2 files line by line
+
    '''<code>look</code>''' – display lines beginning with a given string
  
−
    '''find''' – search for files in a directory hierarchy
+
    '''<code>more</code>''' – page through text one screenful at a time
  
−
    '''grep''' – print lines that match patterns
+
    '''<code>tail</code>''' – output the last part of files
  
−
    '''head''' – output the first part of files
+
    '''<code>wc</code>''' – word counts, and line and byte counts
  
−
    '''less''' – opposite of more
+
    '''<code>zgrep</code>''' – search compressed files
  
−
    '''more''' – page through text one screenful at a time
+
===Math Functions===
 +
    '''<code>bc</code>''' – basic calculator
  
−
    '''open''' and possibly create a file
+
    '''<code>dc</code>''' – RPN “Desktop Calculator”
  
−
    '''tail''' – output the last part of files
+
    '''<code>log</code>''' – natural logarithmic function
  
−
    '''wc''' – word counts, and line and byte counts
+
    '''<code>mathematica</code>''' – [https://www.wolfram.com/raspberry-pi/ open the app (Raspberry Pi)]
  
−
    '''zgrep''' – search compressed files
+
    '''<code>sin</code>''' – sine function
  
−
=== '''Network Config''' ===
+
===Network Config===
−
    '''ifconfig''' – configure network interface parameters
+
    '''<code>ifconfig</code>''' – configure network interface parameters
  
−
    '''ss''' – utility to investigate sockets
+
    '''<code>ss</code>''' – utility to investigate sockets
  
−
    '''ssh''' – OpenSSH SSH client (remote login program)  
+
    '''<code>ssh</code>''' – OpenSSH SSH client (remote login program)  
  
−
=== '''Network Monitoring''' ===
+
===Network Monitoring===
−
    '''ping''' – send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts
+
    '''<code>ping</code>''' – send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts
  
−
    '''nc''' – arbitrary TCP and UDP connections and listens
+
    '''<code>nc</code>''' – arbitrary TCP and UDP connections and listens
  
−
    '''netstat''' – show network status
+
    '''<code>netstat</code>''' – show network status
  
−
    '''traceroute''' – print the route packets take to network host
+
    '''<code>traceroute</code>''' – print the route packets take to network host
  
−
=== '''Package Management''' ===
+
===Package Managers ===
−
    '''apt-get''' – APT package handling utility
+
    '''<code>apt</code>''' – APT package handling utility
  
−
    '''apt''' – APT package handling utility
+
    '''<code>apt-get</code>''' – APT package handling utility
  
−
    '''dnf''' – Fedora, successor to YUM
+
    '''<code>dnf</code>''' – for Fedora, (successor to YUM)
  
−
    '''homebrew''' – for macOS or Linux
+
    '''<code>dpkg</code>''' – for Debian
  
−
    '''yum''' – Yellowdog Updater Modified (Fedora)
+
    '''<code>homebrew</code>''' – for macOS or Linux
  
−
    '''rpm''' – Red Hat and CentOS
+
    '''<code>rpm</code>''' – for Red Hat and CentOS
  
−
    '''dpkg''' – package manager for Debian
+
    '''<code>snap</code>''' – for Ubuntu
  
−
    '''snap''' – for Ubuntu
+
    '''<code>yum</code>''' – for Fedora (Yellowdog Updater Modified)
  
−
    '''zypper''' – for OpenSUSE
+
    '''<code>zypper</code>''' – for OpenSUSE
  
−
=== '''Process Management''' ===
+
=== Process Management===
−
    '''bg''' – run a job/process in the background
+
    '''<code>bg</code>''' – run a job/process in the background
  
−
    '''fg''' – run a job/process in the foreground
+
    '''<code>fg</code>''' – run a job/process in the foreground
  
−
    '''halt''' – halt, power-off or reboot the machine
+
    '''<code>halt</code>''' – halt, power-off or reboot the machine
  
−
    '''htop''' – human readable table of processes
+
    '''<code>htop</code>''' – human readable table of processes
  
−
    jobs – list all jobs; active, stopped, or otherwise
+
    '''<code>jobs</code>''' – list all jobs; active, stopped, or otherwise
  
−
    kill – terminate or signal a process
+
    '''<code>kill</code>''' – terminate or signal a process
  
−
    killall – kill processes by name
+
    '''<code>killall</code>''' – kill processes by name
  
−
    ps – process status
+
    '''<code>ps</code>''' – process status
  
−
    tmux – terminal multiplexer
+
    '''<code>pstree</code>''' – display a tree of processes
  
−
    top – table of processes
+
    '''<code>reboot</code>''' – halt, power-off or reboot the machine
  
−
    pstree – display a tree of processes
+
    '''<code>shutdown</code>''' – halt, power-off or reboot the machine
  
−
    shutdown – halt, power-off or reboot the machine
+
    '''<code>sudo</code>''' – execute a command as another user
  
−
    reboot – halt, power-off or reboot the machine
+
    '''<code>tmux</code>''' – terminal multiplexer
  
−
    sudo – execute a command as another user
+
    '''<code>top</code>''' – table of processes
  
−
'''System Info'''
+
===System Info===
 +
    '''<code>arch</code>''' – print machine hardware name (architecture)
  
−
    arch – Print machine hardware name (architecture)
+
    '''<code>date</code>''' – print or set the system date and time
  
−
    date – print or set the system date and time
+
    '''<code>df</code>''' – display free disk space
  
−
    df – display free disk space
+
    '''<code>du</code>''' – display disk usage statistics
  
−
    du – display disk usage statistics
+
    '''<code>fc-list</code>''' – list available fonts  (Raspberry Pi)
  
−
    fc-list – list available fonts  (Raspberry Pi)
+
    '''<code>free</code>''' – display amount of free and used memory in the system
  
−
    free – display amount of free and used memory in the system
+
    '''<code>hostname</code>''' – show or set the system's host name
  
−
    hostname – show or set the system's host name
+
    '''<code>lsblk</code>''' – list block devices
  
−
    lsblk – list block devices
+
    '''<code>lscpu</code>''' – list information about the CPU architecture
  
−
    lscpu – list information about the CPU architecture
+
    '''<code>lshw</code>''' – list hardware
  
−
    lshw – list hardware
+
    '''<code>lsusb</code>''' – list USB devices
  
−
    lsusb – list USB devices
+
    '''<code>time</code>''' – get time in seconds
  
−
    time – get time in seconds
+
    '''<code>uname</code>''' – print operating system name
  
−
    uname – print operating system name
+
    '''<code>uptime</code>''' – print up time and load
  
−
    uptime – print up time and load
+
===User and Group Management===
 +
    '''<code>groupadd</code>''' – create a new group
  
−
'''User and Group Management'''
+
    '''<code>groupdel</code>''' – delete a group
  
−
    groupadd – create a new group
+
    '''<code>groups</code>''' – show group memberships
  
−
    groupdel – delete a group
+
    '''<code>id</code>''' – return user identity
  
−
    groups – show group memberships
+
    '''<code>passwd</code>''' – modify a user's password
  
−
    id – return user identity
+
    '''<code>useradd</code>''' – create a new user or update default new user info
  
−
    passwd – modify a user's password
+
    '''<code>userdel</code>''' – delete a user account and related files
  
−
    useradd – create a new user or update default new user info
+
    '''<code>usermod</code>''' – modify a user account
  
−
    userdel – delete a user account and related files
+
    '''<code>who</code>''' – print effective user ID
  
−
    usermod – modify a user account
+
    '''<code>whoami</code>''' – print the user name
 +
==Classes==
 +
PPM announces its [https://www.meetup.com/pikespeakmakerspace/events '''Upcoming events, including classes, on Meetup''']
 +
==Training==
 +
Links to external sites — Cheatography.com
 +
===[https://cheatography.com/tag/ubuntu/ 44 Ubuntu Cheat Sheets]===
 +
===[https://cheatography.com/tag/bash/ Bash Cheat Sheets]===
 +
==Related Pages==
 +
Links to related PPM Wiki pages:
 +
:'''[[GitHub Tips]]'''
  
−
    who – print effective user ID
+
:[[Ubuntu|<span style="color:#000000; background:#D0DD27">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Ubuntu'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
 +
:[[Computers -- Mac and Apple|<span style="color:#000000; background:#D0DD27">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Computers — Mac and Apple'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
 +
:[[Computers|<span style="color:#000000; background:#D0DD27">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Computers — Windows'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
 +
:[[Infrastructure at PPM|<span style="color:#000000; background:#D0DD27">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Infrastructure at PPM'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
 +
:[[Raspberry Pi|<span style="color:#ffffff; background:#864199">&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Raspberry Pi'''&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>]]
  
−
    whoami – print the user name
+
==Hand-Curated Links==
 +
Links to member-recommended external sites:
 +
:'''[[wikipedia:List_of_free_and_open-source_software_packages|List of free and open-source software packages]]''' — on Wikipedia
 +
:'''[https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/scripting/learn/more-powershell-learning?view=powershell-7.4 PowerShell learning resources]''' — on learn.Microsoft.com
  
−
––-
+
==For Additional Help==
 +
:Use the PPM Slack channel #computing
 +
:[[How To Slack#PPM Channel Names and Descriptions|'''List of all PPM Slack channels''']]
 +
:Note that we have a Slack channel (#job-board) for members to post, discuss, or accept job opportunities either within PPM or from the&nbsp;community.<br>
 +
{{Template:Footer}}
 +
{{Template:Ideas into reality}}
 +
<p style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; background:#ff6c00; color:#FFFFFF; font-size:15%;"> &nbsp; </p>
 +
[[Category:Software]]

Latest revision as of 17:26, 6 May 2024

Level 1 badge used at Pikes Peak Makerspace

Learn about the software that we have installed for all our members at Pikes Peak Makerspace (PPM).

Use of software installed on PPM computers does not require any additional required training (Level 1).


 


Welcome banner

Linux Tools for Beginners

Command Line

    apropos – search the manual page names and descriptions

    clear – clear the terminal screen

    code – launch Visual Studio Code (macOS)

    echo – display a line of text

    help – list of shell commands

    history – track input from the user a line at a time

    info – read the info documents

    man – interface to the on-line reference manuals

    say – convert text to audible speech

    scrot – command line screen capture utility

    whatis – display one-line manual page descriptions

File and Directory Management

    alias – define or display aliases

    cd – change the current directory

    chown – change file owner and group

    cp – copy files and directories

    dd – convert and copy a file

    dir – list directory contents

    file – determine file type

    git – fast, scalable, distributed revision control system

    ls – list directory contents

    mkdir – make directories

    mv – move (rename) files

    pwd – print working directory

    rm – remove files or directories

    scp – secure copy

    touch – change file timestamps

    which – locate a program file in the user's path

File Editing

    awk – pattern scanning and text processing language

    cut – remove sections from each line of files

    geany – a small and lightweight IDE (Raspberry Pi)

    gzip – compress or expand files

    nano – Nano's ANOther editor, an enhanced free Pico clone

    open – open files and directories

    pandoc – universal document converter

    scratch – easy to use interactive programming environment (Raspberry Pi)

    sed – stream editor

    tar – manipulate tape archives

    unzip – list, test and extract compressed files in a ZIP archive

    vim – Vi IMproved, a programmers text editor

File Transfer

    curl – transfer a URL

    wget – non-interactive download of files

File Viewing

    cat – concatenate and print files

    diff – compare 2 files line by line

    find – search for files in a directory hierarchy

    grep – print lines that match patterns

    head – output the first part of files

    jq – lightweight and flexible command-line JSON processor

    less – opposite of more

    look – display lines beginning with a given string

    more – page through text one screenful at a time

    tail – output the last part of files

    wc – word counts, and line and byte counts

    zgrep – search compressed files

Math Functions

    bc – basic calculator

    dc – RPN “Desktop Calculator”

    log – natural logarithmic function

    mathematica – open the app (Raspberry Pi)

    sin – sine function

Network Config

    ifconfig – configure network interface parameters

    ss – utility to investigate sockets

    ssh – OpenSSH SSH client (remote login program)

Network Monitoring

    ping – send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST packets to network hosts

    nc – arbitrary TCP and UDP connections and listens

    netstat – show network status

    traceroute – print the route packets take to network host

Package Managers

    apt – APT package handling utility

    apt-get – APT package handling utility

    dnf – for Fedora, (successor to YUM)

    dpkg – for Debian

    homebrew – for macOS or Linux

    rpm – for Red Hat and CentOS

    snap – for Ubuntu

    yum – for Fedora (Yellowdog Updater Modified)

    zypper – for OpenSUSE

Process Management

    bg – run a job/process in the background

    fg – run a job/process in the foreground

    halt – halt, power-off or reboot the machine

    htop – human readable table of processes

    jobs – list all jobs; active, stopped, or otherwise

    kill – terminate or signal a process

    killall – kill processes by name

    ps – process status

    pstree – display a tree of processes

    reboot – halt, power-off or reboot the machine

    shutdown – halt, power-off or reboot the machine

    sudo – execute a command as another user

    tmux – terminal multiplexer

    top – table of processes

System Info

    arch – print machine hardware name (architecture)

    date – print or set the system date and time

    df – display free disk space

    du – display disk usage statistics

    fc-list – list available fonts  (Raspberry Pi)

    free – display amount of free and used memory in the system

    hostname – show or set the system's host name

    lsblk – list block devices

    lscpu – list information about the CPU architecture

    lshw – list hardware

    lsusb – list USB devices

    time – get time in seconds

    uname – print operating system name

    uptime – print up time and load

User and Group Management

    groupadd – create a new group

    groupdel – delete a group

    groups – show group memberships

    id – return user identity

    passwd – modify a user's password

    useradd – create a new user or update default new user info

    userdel – delete a user account and related files

    usermod – modify a user account

    who – print effective user ID

    whoami – print the user name

Classes

PPM announces its Upcoming events, including classes, on Meetup

Training

Links to external sites — Cheatography.com

44 Ubuntu Cheat Sheets

Bash Cheat Sheets

Related Pages

Links to related PPM Wiki pages:

GitHub Tips
  Ubuntu  
  Computers — Mac and Apple  
  Computers — Windows  
  Infrastructure at PPM  
  Raspberry Pi  

Hand-Curated Links

Links to member-recommended external sites:

List of free and open-source software packages — on Wikipedia
PowerShell learning resources — on learn.Microsoft.com

For Additional Help

Use the PPM Slack channel #computing
List of all PPM Slack channels
Note that we have a Slack channel (#job-board) for members to post, discuss, or accept job opportunities either within PPM or from the community.

PPM Tool Color Map — Interactive

Search the PPM Wiki — include both Content pages and Multimedia

Contact Us if you cannot find your answer here on our Wiki or if you notice any info that is outdated.

Pikes Peak Makerspace (PPM) is dedicated to supporting our maker community in their creative processes by providing shared space, shared tools, materials, software and a knowledge base to turn their ideas into reality.

 

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